Treasure Hunter Build. Yeah. I had a lot of success with this, using 5.10.10.1.3.10.1, Small Frame = Bonehead. But you could trade Bonehead for Fast Shot too, since many locker encounters have easier creatures you can just 1-shot. Also could lower PE from 10 and have better IN (i guess). This one works great for me though, and i can beat 7 highwaymen solo with him, no problem.
(Actually, if you really mean to have a dedicated Treasure Hunter, maybe don't use Small Frame. I use it even for Treasure Hunting, but technically this is wrong since it limits Carry Weight.)
His main perks are: A-Rush, Quick-P, Even Tougher, LG, LG, BRoF, LG, Man of Steel.
Preferred Weapons: XL70, Pancor Jackhammer, p90, FN FAL HPFA (but this one only with Quick-P).
So for a Treasure Hunter build, i suggest these things:
* High Outdoorsman like OldBoy says, at least 150 so you can get the fast-travel perks.
* Yes of course both Carry Weight perks, Pack Rat and Strong Back.
* Lightstep perk for sure, but get Traps to 150 and disarm traps for xp
* Doctor 100! Even with high Traps you get injured some times so you need to be able to fix this fast.
* Science 120 + Dismantler perk comes in handy when breaking down lesser items to free up Carry Weight.
* Plan to use these drugs: Buffout, cola, Psycho, cigs (and maybe beer if you don't mind the PE hit).
* Max ST 7 to benefit from Buffout and Psycho for ST 10.
* Avoid Jet for a PvE build like this - it's just not necessary and lowers your DR too much.
* Have a tent nearby where you plan to hunt, so you can make quick drops of found loot.
* Minimum gun skill 180 so you can get Bonus Rate of Fire.
* Even Tougher perk at level 9, Lockpick 150+advanced picks, should all be obvious.
Mighty's ST 10 suggestion is valid since a treasure hunter needs to carry more and more stuff before making a drop and going back out light again (but i suggest no higher than ST 7 so you get the benefits of the ST drugs). Treasure Hunting shows off one of the mechanical problems in this game: you want to go out, find lockers, grab all loot, and repeat until overweight, then go to nearby tent and drop it all. But you there is no function that allows you to "drop it all, except my ammo, drugs, lockpicks, and paramedics bag". So making fewer drops is better so you don't have to deal with this as often, which is why low ST is not so good for a Treasure Hunter. (Same advice for cave explorer).
Also, when you're up against 7 Highwaymen (i go Real-Time mode only), you want to start taking them down as fast as possible because at first you have 7 enemies all shooting you. Being extra tough on Psycho really helps in those cases, but they will kill you if you don't act fast. So i never use the Bruiser trait. Bruiser slows you down. Try it and maybe you do fine in PvE with Bruiser, but for me, i want to go fast fast fast man. Get in, do the work, get out, move to next. Fast fast fast.